The RT200 FX programme
is a brilliant export growth initiative of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
The goal is to grow the non-oil export proceeds repatriation from the current
$5.5 billion per annum (as at 2021) to an average of $40 billion per annum
leading to get generation of $200 billion in repatriation in the next 5 years
(that is by 2027). To achieve this, two things have to happen and these include
increasing the number of export businesses in Nigeria (which is the focus of
this article) and supporting existing exporters to grow their export volume
through funding and export market development (this will be addressed in the
subsequent articles on this initiative).
As at 2016, the number
of businesses doing documented export in Nigeria is about 800 in number and
this has almost doubled with the number increasing to about 1,500 businesses in
2021. This has been largely driven by the scarcity of foreign exchange which is
making many businesses, particularly importers, to begin to consider the
generation of foreign exchange through exportations. To be able to achieve the
objectives of the RT200 FX of the CBN, there is the need to increase the number of
exporters in Nigeria from the current level of about 1,500 companies to at
least 10,000 companies within the next one 1-2years.
It is important to state
that this is very possible because import businesses alone are more than 40,000
and majority of them are in dire need of foreign exchange to fund their import
transactions. So one of the viable strategy to be considered in growing the
number of exporters in Nigeria is to convert these importers (that are hungry
for foreign exchange) to exporters. Another way to grow number of exporters in
order to achieve the RT200 FX is to encourage and support manufacturers and
Agro processors in the country to begin to look beyond the local market and
begin to consider the export market.
The reason why the
number of exporters need to increase is to reduce the average export volume
that individual companies need to do per annum in order to achieve the average
of $40 billion required per annum to achieve the RT200 FX in 5 years.
Currently, the average non-oil-export volume done per business in Nigeria as at
2021 is about $3.64 million. This figure is as high as $14million for large
scale exporters (large scale exporters are those exporting more than a million
dollars per annum), and about $700,000 for medium scale exporters (medium scale
exporters are those exporting a total of between $500,000 and $999,000 per
annum). The average of non-oil export volume per company is about $216,000 for
small scale exporters (small scale exporters are those exporting a total of
between $100,000 and $500,000 per annum) and less than $100,000 for micro scale
exporters (micro scale exporters are those exporting a total of less than
$100,000
per annum).
At the current level of
1,500 exporters, the country will need each company to export an average of
about $26.6 million per annum to achieve $40 billion per annum and hence $200
billion in 5 years. By increasing the number of exporters from the current
level of about 1,500 companies to 10,000 companies, the country will only need
each exporter to export an average of about $4 million per annum (which is very close to the current average) in order to achieve $40 billion per annum and
hence $200 billion in 5 years. Through the implementation of this strategy, the
country stands a chance to see the impact of the CBN RT200 FX programme becomes
a reality in the foreign reserves.
In order to be able to
implement this recommended strategy of growing the number of exporters in
Nigeria to achieve the goal of RT200 FX programme, there is the need to have a very
viable export desk. Currently, most banks in the country do not have a market
distinct facing export desk and those that have it are unable to achieve the
desired result of growing export volume because the desks are not properly
set up to succeed. This is because they lack the right structure, right systems,
right staffing, right strategies and right services needed to make the desk
become viable. The details of setting up a viable export desk will be the focus
of my next article on the RT200 FX programme.
Finally, I will like to
reiterate that the CBN RT200 FX is a fantastic opportunity to grow the non-oil
export volume in Nigeria. However to achieve this goal, there is the need to grow
the number of exporters in Nigeria. The low hanging fruits to be explored in
growing the non-oil export is the conversion of importers that needs foreign
exchange to exporters. The banks are the strategic partner of the CBN that can
implement this strategy and grow the number of exporters in Nigeria because of
the relationships they have with almost every business in the country including
the importers. To do this, the banks need rethink their strategy (and I must say
that many of them do not have a strategy because of lack of capacity) and also
rethink the way they currently set up and run their export desks.
For the Love of Nigeria, Africa and Mankind
Bamidele Ayemibo (bayemibo@3timpex.com)
Lead Consultant, 3T
Impex Trade Academy